Original Research Article
Reports original empirical, experimental, qualitative, quantitative, mixed-methods, computational, theoretical, or analytical research.
| Suggested length | 3,000–7,000 words |
|---|---|
| Typical structure | Abstract; Introduction; Methods; Results; Discussion; Conclusion; References |
Review Article
Provides a substantial synthesis and critical discussion of existing scholarship on a defined topic. A review should go beyond summarizing individual sources and should organize, compare, evaluate, or integrate the literature.
| Suggested length | 3,000–8,000 words |
|---|---|
| Typical structure | Structure appropriate to the review question and discipline |
Mini Review
Provides a focused synthesis of scholarship addressing a relatively narrow question, concept, or emerging research area. Particularly appropriate for authors developing experience with scholarly literature synthesis.
| Suggested length | 2,000–4,000 words |
|---|---|
| Typical structure | Flexible structure with clear synthesis |
Systematic Review
Synthesizes existing research using a clearly described and reproducible search and selection process. Authors should describe databases, search terms, eligibility criteria, screening procedures, and methods of synthesis.
| Suggested length | 3,500–8,000 words |
|---|---|
| Typical structure | Structured methods and results expected |
Meta-Analysis
Quantitatively synthesizes evidence from multiple studies using appropriate statistical procedures. Authors should provide sufficient methodological detail for readers to understand study identification, coding, effect-size calculation, analysis, and interpretation.
| Suggested length | As appropriate |
|---|---|
| Typical structure | Transparent quantitative synthesis |
Research Note
Provides a concise report of exploratory research, pilot findings, replication studies, secondary analysis, preliminary observations, negative or null findings, or focused methodological work. Research Notes are not expected to make major theoretical contributions.
| Suggested length | 1,500–3,500 words |
|---|---|
| Typical structure | Concise empirical or analytical structure |
Case Study
Provides a detailed scholarly examination of a particular case, setting, organization, program, intervention, event, or phenomenon.
| Suggested length | 2,000–5,000 words |
|---|---|
| Typical structure | Case context; evidence; analysis; implications |
Data or Computational Project
Reports a scholarly project involving data analysis, software, machine learning, computational modeling, simulation, algorithmic analysis, or other computational approaches. Authors should describe datasets, methods, evaluation criteria, and limitations clearly.
| Suggested length | 2,500–6,000 words |
|---|---|
| Typical structure | Methods, evaluation, limitations, reproducibility information where applicable |
Perspective or Commentary
Presents an evidence-informed scholarly argument, conceptual analysis, critical perspective, or discussion of an issue relevant to research or practice. Perspectives should be grounded in relevant scholarship rather than personal opinion alone.
| Suggested length | 1,500–3,500 words |
|---|---|
| Typical structure | Flexible scholarly essay structure |